Nomograms for the lower normal limits of epidermal nerve fibers number and their morphological alterations according to age and sex.
The intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) has been established as the gold standard for the evaluation of small fiber neuropathy (SFN). There is a decrease in IENFD with age, so its sensitivity depends on the accuracy of lower normal limits. IENFD lower normal limits proposed by previous multic…
Impact of diabetic peripheral neuropathy on skeletal muscle microvascular function: A blood oxygen level dependent magnetic resonance imaging study.
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is associated with impaired skeletal muscle function, particularly in the lower limbs. However, microvascular function in lower leg skeletal muscles among individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), stratified by DPN and neuropathic pain status, remains poo…
Small fiber neuropathy is a common disorder; however, its diagnosis and treatment can be challenging. This article outlines the pain pathways involved in small fiber neuropathy and provides an overview of its various causes, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic interventions. Advances in genetic evalua…
Peripheral pain threshold, glycaemic status, and LAMP3 genetic variation: A community-based analysis.
Diabetic polyneuropathy is a common complication of diabetes, yet substantial inter-individual variation in peripheral pain perception suggests underlying genetic influences. This population-based study investigated clinical, metabolic, and genetic determinants of pain threshold using intraepidermal…
Distinct small-fiber dysfunction profiles in CMT1A and RFC1 disease: a multimodal study.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease 1A (CMT1A) and Cerebellar Ataxia, Neuropathy, Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome (CANVAS)/Replication Factor Complex subunit 1 (RFC1)-related disease affect large nerve fibers, but small fiber dysfunction may contribute to pain and dysautonomia. We applied a multimodal protoco…
Corneal nerve imaging in systemic neuropathy: A minireview of experimental and precision medicine applications.
Small-fiber neuropathy is a common complication of metabolic, neurodegenerative, and treatment-related disorders. Early detection can be challenging because established diagnostic approaches may be invasive, resource-intensive, or relatively insensitive to early small-fiber injury. Corneal confocal…
Management of erythromelalgia: a narrative review and expert opinion.
Erythromelalgia (EM) is a rare disorder predominantly affecting distal extremities characterized by episodes of painful burning erythema, often precipitated by heat and exercise. Treatment is challenging due to limited evidence and lack of guidelines. This article provides an overview of the availab…
Corneal Confocal Microscopy in Hereditary Demyelinating Neuropathies: Small Fiber Involvement in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease.
Small fiber involvement in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is incompletely characterized. We evaluated corneal small fiber parameters and immune cell density in common CMT subtypes, which are predominantly demyelinating neuropathies, using in vivo corneal confocal microscopy (IVCCM). Sixteen…