Presacral meningocele presenting after rupture into the retroperitoneal space with acute debilitating intracranial hypotension: illustrative case.
Presacral meningoceles are rare congenital cystic lesions caused by herniation of the thecal sac through an anterior sacral defect. Presentations range from asymptomatic to rupture and meningitis. Treatment aims to eliminate subarachnoid communication, recurrence, and complications. The authors repo…
Tarlov Cyst with Pelvic Extension Mimicking an Adnexal Mass: A Case Report.
Pelvic extension of sacral Tarlov cysts can closely resemble adnexal masses on ultrasound. When cystic pelvic lesions coexist with radicular pain or sitting intolerance, MRI is mandatory prior to gynecologic surgery. Conservative treatment is preferred unless neurological deterioration occurs.
Microsurgical reinforced radiculoplasty for symptomatic sacral Tarlov cysts in children: a retrospective study assessing safety and efficacy.
Symptomatic sacral Tarlov cysts are rare in the pediatric population. Traditional surgical methods are associated with high recurrence rates and risks of neurological injury. Microsurgical reinforced radiculoplasty (MRR), which focuses on reconstructing the nerve root sleeve to obliterate the cerebr…
The association between ejaculatory dysfunction and lumbosacral disorders: a systematic review of an underrecognized clinical link.
Lumbosacral disorders commonly cause neurological symptoms such as low back pain and radiculopathy, their contribution to ejaculatory dysfunction (EjD) remains underrecognized. To summarize neuroanatomical and neurophysiological mechanisms linking the lumbosacral spine to ejaculation, synthesize cli…
When to refer patients with sacral Tarlov cysts: a practical framework for identifying likely symptomatic cysts.
Tarlov cysts are frequently identified during magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral spine, although the majority carry no clinical relevance. A smaller but important subgroup causes symptoms through deformation or irritation of the sacral nerve roots. These patients often experience prolonge…
Tarlov cysts and sexual dysfunction: A multidisciplinary approach to evaluation and surgical treatment.
Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder/Genito-Pelvic Dysesthesia (PGAD/GPD) involves chronic, unrelenting arousal and dysesthesia of the genito-pelvic region. In 2012, Komisaruk and Lee identified a high incidence of sacral Tarlov cysts in patients with PGAD/GPD, prompting development of a multidiscipl…
Hydrostatic pressure mechanism and surgical efficacy of Tarlov cysts.
Tarlov cysts (TCs) are commonly found sacral perineural cysts. Symptomatic TCs are rare, and there is no consensus on optimal treatment. The pathophysiological mechanism of TCs remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of surgical intervention on symptomatic TCs and the de…
Persistent genital arousal disorder: A systematic review of diagnosis, etiology, and treatment approaches (2015-2025).
Persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) is a distressing, often debilitating condition of unwanted genital arousal occurring independent of desire and difficult to relieve, with substantial psychosocial burden. We systematically reviewed peer-reviewed studies (2015-2025) to synthesize the evidenc…