CCDC77 and SLC45A3 mediate the genetic mechanism of Hashimoto's thyroiditis through IL-6.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a common autoimmune thyroid disorder with a complex genetic background. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been implicated in its pathogenesis, but the genetic mechanisms remain unclear. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) using expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and…
Autoimmune Disease Risk With GLP-1RA, DPP-4i, and SGLT2i Treatment in Patients With Diabetes.
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are widely used for type 2 diabetes, yet their comparative immunologic safety is uncertain. To address this gap, we evaluated autoimmune disease inc…
Neonatal vitamin D levels and autoimmune disorders: a Danish population-based cohort study.
To examine the associations of neonatal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and vitamin D-binding protein (DBP), and their corresponding genetic predictors, with the risk of nine autoimmune disorders. We conducted a population-based cohort study of a random sample of individuals born in Denmark between 19…
I saw the "thyroid inferno" sign: A fiery Doppler signature of Graves' disease.
Color Doppler ultrasonography was first used in 1988 by Ralls et al. to evaluate blood flow to the thyroid gland in patients with Graves' disease [1]. The "thyroid inferno" is the imaging demonstration of markedly increased vascularity and arteriovenous shunting seen with Graves' Disease (Fig. 2 and…
Emerging Links Between PFAS Exposure and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease: A Narrative Review of Epidemiologic Evidence, Mechanistic Insights, and Research Gaps.
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent synthetic chemicals widely distributed in the environment and human tissues. Known as endocrine-disrupting chemicals, PFAS are increasingly investigated for their potential role in the rising global prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases (…
Diffuse pulmonary meningotheliomatosis in a patient with autoimmune thyroiditis and chronic inflammatory disease.
Diffuse pulmonary meningotheliomatosis (DPM) is an exceedingly rare benign condition characterized by innumerable minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules diffusely involving both lungs. We report a 44-year-old woman with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and chronic sinusitis requiring biologic therapy,…
Passive Smoking and Thyroid Diseases: Association by Mendelian Randomization Study.
Existing literature has primarily focused on the associations between active smoking and thyroid diseases, while the causal mechanisms linking passive smoking to thyroid diseases remain insufficiently investigated. Therefore, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to evaluate the potentia…
The Extra X Chromosome and Autoimmune Susceptibility in Klinefelter Syndrome.
To systematically evaluate and quantitatively synthesize the association between Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY karyotype) and autoimmune susceptibility. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched from database inception to April 30, 2026, for studies evaluating autoimmune…